Just philosophers have the ability to absolutely adore knowledge and you will details, and simply they admit knowledge

Envision, according to him, a cave, where the male is chained at night and you will believe that this new tincture they find toward wall was fact, until included in this escapes for the sunshine and observes the brand new real business

Immediately after a religious event, Socrates try greeting into the family of a rich merchant entitled Cephalus . Indeed there, Socrates matches a dialogue that have Cephalus, Polemarchus , Glaucon , Adeimantus , additionally the Sophist Thrasymachus in regards to the character out-of justice. Socrates in the future proves that Cephalus and you may Polemarchus’ conception out-of justice because advising the scenario and expenses what exactly is owed is actually not enough, in which he as well disproves Thrasymachus’s religion you to definitely justice is simply almost any are of most advantage to the brand new healthier person or some one. But Socrates will not state just what his own idea of justice is actually. Rather, he offers to “create” an excellent urban area that may show fairness for the a huge level. Once they have laid out an only urban area, Socrates believes, they’ll be in a position to look at justice from inside the one.

Socrates’ greatest area hinges on training, specialization, and you may societal formations that define loved ones, behavior, and loyalty for the urban area. Each person have a tendency to are experts in a particular job, a career that’s chosen for them by town established on their aptitudes and you may abilities since the youngsters. Degree, especially of your own guardians who can end up being the shields otherwise soldiers including rulers, is the vital thing into success of the town. Imitative literary works where the journalist brings this new sounds of different emails, “imitating” peoples conclusion, is taboo. Books must mirror just a conclusion. Individuals who would be laborers or craftsmen tend to setting the fresh “producer” category. The very best of the fresh new guardians are provided special training to prepare them to rule. Others on 1st gang of guardians becomes brand new fighters for the urban area. Spouses and kids of your own guardians take place in common. The latest rulers will lead easy lifetime, taboo to touch gold otherwise silver or even own property. Their each and every day need could be found by other owners regarding the town so guardians is also rule versus distraction.

The guy ends which have an examination of new tyrant, demonstrating your tyrant was neither only nor delighted

Socrates turns towards case of exactly who will be signal the metropolis. In support of his say that the new philosopher is the greatest ruler Socrates shows you that the heart comes with about three parts, the brand new mental, the fresh new appetitive and also the heart. Regarding just kid, every section of the spirit functions their mode, brought because of the cause, so the appetites and you can spirit is managed. Similar to the intellectual the main spirit is code more than the others, the fresh new intellectual the main city customers, brand new philosopher, is laws across the warriors and you will makers. This can wanted one to philosophers be leaders, otherwise leaders feel philosophers. Socrates merchandise the new allegory of one’s cavern . The newest freed prisoner after yields and you will tries to show the remainder regarding the characteristics regarding realities.

The latest philosopher is the best ruler because the the guy knows that the latest stuff of your actual industry is copies, imitations, of better Variations in the world of Info. The fresh new philosopher, as the he knows the latest Models, provides greater knowledge of everything you. For that reason, this new guardians should be educated in the values, also mathematics and you can reason. In the event the guardians try mature, the degree comes with the study of dialectic, the ability of debate. Up coming, just like the prisoner productivity into the cave, the fresh guardians begin public service when preparing to own afterwards laws. Just the good the new guardians might be philosopher-leaders. Socrates means five kinds of cities, together with five categories of somebody comparable to brand new metropolises, end on poor, the fresh tyrant.

Socrates finishes toward misconception away from Er , a great soldier just who passes away, but is returned to existence and you will reports toward after-life. The guy observes souls fixed into individuals who was unjust, whom must after that experience, and those who have been merely, which spend the afterlife in fulfillment. At the end of their allocated big date, souls can prefer an alternative life. Socrates argues that spirit, since it cannot be destroyed from the passing, or of the evil, is immortal.